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Review Article| Volume 1, ISSUE 3, P319-332, September 2006

Evaluation of the Insomnia Patient

      Insomnia is the most common sleep disorder in the industrialized world, with one third of adults reporting occasional insomnia symptoms (difficulties initiating sleep, maintaining sleep, waking too early, or poor quality sleep), and more than 1 in 10 reporting chronic difficulties that produce daytime consequences [
      • Ford D.E.
      • Kamerow D.B.
      Epidemiologic study of sleep disturbances and psychiatric disorders. An opportunity for prevention?.
      ,
      • Üstun T.B.
      • Privett M.
      • Lecrubier Y.
      • et al.
      Form, frequency and burden of sleep problems in general health care: a report from the WHO Collaborative Study on Psychological Problems in General Health Care.
      ,
      • Ancoli-Israel S.
      • Roth T.
      Characteristics of insomnia in the United States: results of the 1991 National Sleep Foundation Survey. I.
      ]. When chronic, insomnia is associated with wide-ranging adverse daytime outcomes, including decreased quality of life, increased risk for psychiatric disturbances, increased work absenteeism, and poor interpersonal functioning. Despite its significant economic and personal burden, several reports suggest that insomnia is underrecognized, underdiagnosed, and undertreated [
      • Ancoli-Israel S.
      • Roth T.
      Characteristics of insomnia in the United States: results of the 1991 National Sleep Foundation Survey. I.
      ,
      • Costa E.
      • Silva J.A.
      • Chase M.
      • et al.
      Special report from a symposium held by the World Health Organization and the World Federation of Sleep Research Societies: an overview of insomnias and related disorders-recognition, epidemiology, and rational management.
      ].
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